Middle Corridor or northern route: how to choose the right corridor
In short
The northern route via Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus offers the most departures and continuous rail legs. The Middle Corridor across the Caspian Sea is an alternative with additional handovers. Cargo, route, transit requirement and current feasibility decide which corridor fits, not a blanket recommendation.
Two routes, one destination
Two main corridors have established themselves for rail freight between China and Europe. The northern route runs via Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus into Poland, usually crossing at Brest–Małaszewicze. The Middle Corridor, also called the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, runs via Kazakhstan to the port of Aktau, crosses the Caspian Sea to Baku and continues via Georgia and Türkiye into Europe.
What sets the northern route apart
- Continuous rail legs without a sea crossing
- High departure density, with more than a thousand routes in our transit network data
- Established transshipment points at the gauge-change stations
- Connection to the European network from Małaszewicze at 1–10 days terminal to terminal
Suitability of the northern route is checked for every cargo and route against current framework conditions.
What sets the Middle Corridor apart
- An alternative without transit through Russia and Belarus
- A combination of rail legs and a ferry crossing of the Caspian Sea
- Links to South-East Europe and Türkiye via Poti, Batumi and Istanbul
- Additional handovers and timetables that need to be factored into planning
How to decide
| Criterion | Northern route | Middle Corridor |
|---|---|---|
| Modes | Rail throughout | Rail and ferry |
| Handovers | Gauge change at the EU border | Several transshipments, port connections |
| Transit predictability | Fairly constant | Depends on ferry schedules |
| Typical strength | Departure density, series traffic | Alternative routing option |
Always compare the entire transport chain: pre-carriage to the terminal in China, main leg, transshipments and on-carriage in Europe. A shorter main leg helps little if the next usable departure is ten days away.
Our recommendation
Plan recurring traffic with one main corridor and a pre-checked alternative. That keeps your supply chain able to act when conditions change. The Route Explorer shows which routes are listed via which corridor.
Expert-reviewed: 02 September 2026
Glossary
- FCL A full container booked exclusively for one shipment, regardless of how full it is.
- Middle Corridor The Trans-Caspian International Transport Route runs by rail and ferry from China via Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan and Georgia to Türkiye and Europe.
- Northern corridor Rail corridor from China via Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus to Poland, with gauge change in Małaszewicze.
